Modern thoughts about educational system, which was designed by Jan Amos Komensky, certainly include rigidity of the system as a topic as well. Considering the fact that not much has changed in the mentioned system, it is important to take a look at radical theory as one of four dominant school theories, and to emphasize its significance related to changes of education. The radical ideas and critiques that its representatives Paulo Freire, Ivan Ilich and Everett Reimer expressed, have considerably contributed to the understanding of problems related to the educational system. The necessity of a reform has always been emphasized, and the need for it was also recognized by the founders of concepts of alternative education. The Montessori pedagogy, Waldorf pedagogy and Summerhill are merely a few of alternative schools that give us a different image of school and offer possible answers to the question of education improvement. This final assignment therefore examines radical theory and alternative schools as attempts to resist the traditionalism of the educational system. The aim is to present thinking outside the box as a key factor which encourages change of educational system, and it is by using the example of radical theory and alternative schools that we see how, by critical thinking, we awaken consciousness and encourage a change of school, and thus a change of the whole society.