This thesis deals with motifs of racism and colonialism in the novel „Robinson Crusoe“ written by Daniel Defoe; one of the most famous novels of English literature, so as children's literature in general. The novel was written in the 18. century and deals with the destiny of a man who ends up on the deserted island by accident, far away from civilization where he creates a new world by his own standards. Robinson as a typical representative of colonial power establishes a relationship of power and domination over land and people. Although he saves the life to a man of another race and shares his life with him, he never consideres Friday as a friend because the main character, as a white race representative, in that relationship acts superior. Robinson's need to posses land, objects, and living beings, makes him a man of capitalist worldview, as the one who, claming to have his „natural“ right, establishes hegemony of West over East. That is the reason why this thesis specially emphasizes Orientalism as one of the key points of the Postcolonial theory, which explains the way of ruling and thinking based on the political power differences between West and East. In that way, the different colonial discourses and stereotypical division of the roles are analyzed, in which Robinson as a colonialist represents the civilized West, and Friday as a a native and his servent, the uncivilized East.